阅读时间 5 分钟
重要通知
This guide includes references to the Goerli testnet, which is no longer actively maintained. While specific steps related to this chain may not be applicable, the overall process may be valid for other chains. We recommend exploring current alternatives for your implementation. If you’d like to see an updated version of this guide, please let us know in the feedback section at the end of this page.
概述
您是否对在Ethereum 开发去中心化应用（dApps）感兴趣，但又希望避免mainnet冒真实资金的风险？那么Ethereum 就是您的理想选择！在本指南中，我们将对比两个最受欢迎的测试网——Goerli 和 Sepolia，并探讨它们的共同点、差异以及独特特点。您将了解测试网的用途、Goerli 和 Sepolia 的工作原理，以及各自的优缺点。 此外，我们还将提供一份分步指南，介绍如何endpoint Quicknode 创建testnet endpoint 。无论您是初学者还是经验丰富的开发者，本指南都将帮助您testnet 自身需求选择最testnet ，并开始在Ethereum开发 dApp。
您将负责的工作内容
- 了解 Goerli 和 SepoliaTestnet
- endpoint Quicknode创建一个 Sepoliaendpoint
- 使用Multi-ChainQuicknode 在 Sepolia 上获取 ETH
- 使用Quicknode从 Sepolia 请求数据
您需要准备的物品
- 求知若渴！
- 一个Quicknode （您可以在此免费注册一个）
什么Ethereum ？
Ethereum Ethereum 的替代版本，允许开发者在无需使用真实以太币（ETH）或mainnet资金风险的情况下，对新功能、智能合约和去中心化应用（dApps）进行测试和实验。测试网旨在模拟mainnet 的行为和特性mainnet 用户基数较小，且手续费更低。
请注意，测试网拥有自己的以太币（ETH）供应量，这些以太币不具备任何现实世界中的价值，仅用于支付该特定testnet上的 gas 费用。
什么是Goerli？
Goerli是一个权益证明（PoS）testnet 模拟mainnet的行为。它于 2019 年初上线，其名称源自德国的一个小村庄。由于其稳定性、速度快以及交易手续费低，GoerliEthereum 中最受欢迎的测试网之一。
重要提示：Goerli 将于 2023 年第一季度被废弃，但将持续支持至 2023 年第四季度，因此开发者和用户应迁移至 Sepolia 进行测试和开发。
什么是塞波利亚？
Sepolia是一个权益证明（PoS）testnet。其名称源自希腊雅典的一个街区，一位Ethereum 就是在那里长大的。目前，Sepolia 是智能合约testnet 推荐testnet 。
Sepolia 最初是一个私有测试网络，但在 2023 年 3 月的Shapella 升级期间向公众开放。
Sepolia 拥有一组由核心基金会和测试团队控制的许可型验证者。由于该网络较为新近，且部署在其上的应用程序较少，因此希望使用 Sepolia 的用户将能获得流畅的体验。此外，如果您想运行自己的节点与该网络交互，与 Goerli 相比（目前而言），所需磁盘空间会更少。
主要区别
Sepolia 是testnet Ethereum testnet 因为它得到了Ethereum 持续支持。此外，Sepolia 拥有一个许可制的验证者集，由于由客户端和开发团队运营，因此网络状态更加可预测。由于 Sepolia 是一个较新的测试网，其网络存储状态较小，因此用户若想运行自己的节点，同步时间会大大缩短。
此前在 Goerli 网络上，曾出现代币供应问题，导致对测试版 ETH 的需求增加，进而使测试版 ETH 产生了实际价值（这并非设计初衷）。Sepolia 网络通过部署一个 ETH 供应量无上限的网络，解决了这一问题。
Endpoint Quicknode创建Ethereum Endpoint
Quicknode 为 Web3 钱包提供可靠且高速的区块链基础设施，使其能够快速、高效地与区块链交互。Quicknode 超过 18 条区块链（且数量仍在增加）的 API 访问，并为交易发送提供快速可靠的服务。此外，Quicknode 数据分析和监控服务，让您能够实时分析 Web3 钱包的交易数据。
要创建endpoint，请点击“创建Endpoint”，然后选择区块链和网络（例如，Ethereum testnet）
（可选）在SepoliaTestnet中提取ETH
虽然本指南中并未要求，但如果您需要在 Sepoliatestnet获取 ETH，Multi-ChainQuicknode 能让您轻松获得 ETH！
访问Multi-ChainQuicknode 连接您的钱包或粘贴钱包地址以领取测试版 ETH。您还可以通过推特发布请求，以获得额外奖励！
测试您的Ethereum Endpoint
现在Quicknode endpoint ，让我们发送一个请求，从testnet 中获取一些数据。
请访问Quicknode ，并选择eth_getBlockByHashRPC 方法。在本教程中，我们将使用 cURL，但您也可以使用任何其他编程语言。复制代码示例后，请在终端中粘贴该命令。请注意，如果您尚未登录Quicknode可能需要更新 RPC 提供商的 URL。
效果应该如下所示：
curl <RPC_PROVIDER_URL> \
-X POST \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
--data '{"method":"eth_getBlockByHash","params":["latest", false],"id":1,"jsonrpc":"2.0"}'
运行该命令后，输出结果应与以下内容类似：
{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"result":{"difficulty":"0x198a0814b3d1fc","extraData":"0xd883010a03846765746888676f312e31362e35856c696e7578","gasLimit":"0xe48bd1","gasUsed":"0xe47bfb","hash":"0x829df9bb801fc0494abf2f443423a49ffa32964554db71b098d332d87b70a48b","logsBloom":"0x5c614106e1d511f0f9900ddec010fe38851a15405e502920169939a497e0c91305cd57300483a426ee6a591108301b26e625f0025a1a7d82ca92078602b96818c04408802a38453e49925f4f086072f00c25a082af604894f7c617cee2cd479d3b4c8a1202ce3ee3442c113c04018fd02213fc1dba88244cde2a01b2ac8f3208cee189700645a4569a43c36a41bb13069840178551f2b5bb1e613143087328325bfb040d126038864aa17683de0095d61b998d337092814b1935862e9edc0b632b08a0137df82f5aa6c79195585b870f084822c6550aa01cce80c0a21810ea42297c32081c2454429955d500044d442f40682831385ab358f6298a1a11369734","miner":"0xb7e390864a90b7b923c9f9310c6f98aafe43f707","mixHash":"0xbe0260369f32cb0d9c70a8ece59e8aed45b14eddf876a6c1beaf491d45b7a9ab","nonce":"0x3a81430002318f1f","number":"0xc4fa88","parentHash":"0xb2612d7b4699f70911863d7a14228159c53f9523effecf474e0d79870c1ac2be","receiptsRoot":"0xd19c55000301d3bc20b10e8f7b28666ea646532f50321557588f4a073ebdfe95","sha3Uncles":"0x1dcc4de8dec75d7aab85b567b6ccd41ad312451b948a7413f0a142fd40d49347","size":"0xe6ac","stateRoot":"0x932bad82694c21d48f2f90dda1c17db96decd61e2a9bf31fabf2cb603c045f6a","timestamp":"0x610035b3","totalDifficulty":"0x5f269226a1f4d670a8e","transactions":["0x1d9f631e6ac0b8940b65ea064a073e63324c60ccea1880dc9dd39a279276e7d1","0x2e86f2d9c223c3f457c13422c0307b397746557d02069681bb68a89fba6c9846","0xd0f7b79f2b38a5e8303ff523da621d6cb04a18e722d6cc0bcce75309cd804b2e","0xf97c8812c3cf01c97845895513564ce545c12c91c31742e7ee7970f0d14d1dad","0x4f7279a601dbd7bca38fd9e878583ac17d6f83fc7a4fa096e4c83713ddcdf8a4","0x63dcd7fe024a660cf766650b4fed71d253aa042f51a7a508beff685ed67bf572","0xed1875d496d7ef744f0535fa447911e08eda3a0911fd98689f7014e14a0987c4","0x0eea58cd56d4a2c3133559e5b4070b1edb547137b25b1e61a63b4feac97911bf","0xfc506698c621393c37d89c8c38086e76ef1c98dcbd8c4f3a37a5fbc0aff16581","0x424226fcb4e941fa11f4d66e3ae5a920aa1ec08f96223f1b6351dd120a0391ac","0xe55dc1d9564c4f25ca895805c78668560cde9c02dd4a2523622152d5e44b3f08","0x1641a57a29dba0f5ab4093da4c32f92afaa99a6ac31e52fadfb8643803d1d2c8","0x15934a572cbd03a6677dc9309180bf8d95417bcd4181826228a1804acc13bb05","0x0dca2c3c53e9a957b79a7a09cd0d54cb2f1c3d2e4a7a3c8a29917f7bf533ad02","0xc52ccefff09417c2055dfe3ad6fd8937c37101b9e467b992f3dff621a63bdae0","0x203f6ba92ae964247d9aaeaf4c8bd32859363e1193e828c75c4413788e8f9e1c","0x76ce0eb0ac6a221a8cca1fdca070fdc2070e4f92709c56b45553d3ee4758b42a","0x4efe2fbe9be8c038d2792532e5f26d61e20751e7539a5e7a71bfda2d8c7b340e","0x3c8c659ef92e48cf4a43e5459c21fd76aeba98c77fea4f448d7e4e62f17099ad","0x9df6436f975d54ec58fd37a8d9337d91fc9b99742b7a76e5c408634c4571c627","0xe1c58e84e1bd52956ddd7ec6719c9bba250df540ad3cfe4a6df470b972cb2eb0","0xa160f9f5e86dae1b36d0ab8f4b1ead179e52ea4cf3c837be3729a2c8d31c2b69","0xaf498b4cf8a3e3600cbdad1b45860de25c914bfd04ee4d1ae86bfd083f0ed34d","0x121ead845c637853ed554cd8789abbe5893a2f4184a7257369410cb85938a889","0x373ed54524895aae2bcf833599a0ff97b799610990bcdb2de3c4c6b01829a14b","0x450ae58eaac0b8c2ac355b16b608cbba1d940690b6d4a5df3779b0a2af06841f","0x4b80bab25e74fc338ae30bb5aebb0b1270e8ea34f74024325a96d6cb0967dd37","0x09cf161a33e88af6642c75395dc4cb2cd8490f24f30986fd018a3ead7bfe9ae2","0xb389b213a1011f7f101b5009a065ad909af5b0aaf1b01e9a24f4d75b0c196d67","0x57bfe332124af604e35afc5ddf0e03c34d4b2beb48ac3fea7637306570563165","0x180d2992e8ed01a64bdb5954b4177718e3cf6958aab56762ac9e49465e87964c","0x76f41847d1d35eb05e161059195cf2d23aa8d82f97be518742c9754b44a23706","0x4cbf0347b2335509511be78ec5c4d6de2784e97dbe230c281f425bedee3dc588","0x0f093de021cf8acaa4824931692f37e555b4808667a5ee34d20ec3ace7ab6e8f","0xbcf7a393b9abf5e99242fa8d9e1593d11d2573bc707ed6484f3a2a24cd28f0fd","0xb64db677c2d4658e3357f6bf2e436522913ac8868495c40e8cfecf3f888525e1","0x1de5f02c048fe5e928d28cb6232da17aa26fc6156b42e85218b069bc19e2da6e","0xf887b83e6eca22422a2e3cc39d9a4ec81c546f759e73f645dc7de91e52eac978","0x83cbb93d6a284fc65cd710fc1ff1d84dce5255b54dca019d36315e4655cb1a23","0x343370c8c8497509d8bf371e23a9441c0ac9f41807b133a3fee1989eea93915e","0x811a0014af088db00e6ef7ff8ac1ab51dae1fccd083138a8566b55713edcdc5b","0xa0143e2bae39bda98dbef3dea840b0630df83dd8a4b9dca3142ab91ebf2276c5","0x2be133a7eee1a0127afb439064e964f50f03669d4f0a16f02ab4002eb98f5249","0x4d3a2450ac2829d56827b05c1ac48073b1473c15f22c131dc623c82fac0ab7e6","0x968c2ee04d6ee7810207fcabaf130863f8d83417293633db85c016196a239f60","0x52cadbd82cad4e5893839b368c37df917a7c4bc4615d52ddf96a7ae5895fad59","0x3a50dcdd2c651ae690da230c4645d87e19c68f9929633903de638ec1f0b80e37","0xfb959a5c21a17965069bb1535ad2f45d5ff69ebc75545acc02abf2e11e1d238f","0x884f53eff4d0c0d93ea329c4c83dc09acd33ec0de0856ab63ea0f6ed59b56a2a","0xc158c1ee3594f7186d04d5ec91ef401655a6650b5b1f1146b162ad3e06c522ac","0x99b27464578b35e84ffb168cf80f8ac305c181706c033e439e20bd64e08f0d32","0xe942c6555e98ddfbf53f045a1b9576c15e274254c53874d697a73934607622fe","0x60d23724d80944eec66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就这样！你刚刚从 Sepoliatestnet获取了一些区块数据！欢迎尝试文档页面中提供的其他 RPC 方法。示例代码均可直接使用，祝你玩得开心！
其他资源
网络信息
- 链ID：11155111
- 币种代码：SepoliaETH
此外，如果您想运行自己的 Sepolia 节点，可以使用以下列出的任何一种共识客户端软件：
- 贝苏
- 埃里贡
- ethereum（又名 geth）
- Nethermind
展望未来
一个名为 Holli（该名称尚未最终确定）testnet计划于今年（2023年）晚些时候上线，它将解决其他测试网此前遇到的一些问题，例如代币供应上限和无许可验证者等问题。
结语
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