기판

The Polkadot SDK, formerly known as Substrate, is an open-source, Rust-based modular framework designed to build customizable and scalable blockchains. It empowers developers to create their own rollups or sovereign appchains with full control over execution logic, governance models, staking mechanisms, and tokenomics. The SDK supports seamless integration with the Polkadot ecosystem, enabling native interoperability and shared security through Polkadot’s relay chain and cross-chain messaging (XCM).

The SDK offers over 40 pre-built runtime modules (pallets) for common blockchain functions such as balances, governance, and staking, which developers can extend or replace to tailor their chains to specific use cases. It supports multiple smart contract environments including WebAssembly (Wasm), Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), and the upcoming PolkaVM, providing flexibility for decentralized application development. Runtime upgrades can be performed on-chain without hard forks, ensuring continuous operation and adaptability.

Designed for real-world applications, the Polkadot SDK is used by projects across gaming, decentralized finance (DeFi), AI, and supply chain domains. Notable integrations include Mythical Games, which leverages the SDK to deliver large-scale gaming experiences, OriginTrail for decentralized supply chain audits, and Hydration, a Polkadot-native liquidity hub for DeFi institutions. Developers can get started quickly using preconfigured blockchain templates, comprehensive documentation, and a rich set of developer tools including CLI utilities, node templates, testing frameworks, and benchmarking tools. The SDK is supported by Parity Technologies and the Web3 Foundation, with active community channels and ecosystem funding programs available.